盖茨列出 10 项改变世界的技术名单，大部分你也猜得到
但它和 2018 年的名单有些不一样，因为盖茨也在成长。This year’s 10 Breakthrough Technologies fall into roughly three groups: climate change mitigation, healthcare, and AI. They are:
- Robot dexterity—robot hands that can learn to manipulate unfamiliar objects on their own
- New-wave nuclear power—both fission and fusion reactor designs that could help bring down carbon emissions
- Predicting preemies—a simple blood test to warn of a preterm birth, potentially saving many children’s lives
- Gut probe in a pill—a swallowable device that can image the digestive tract and even perform biopsies
- Custom cancer vaccines—a treatment that uses the body’s own immune system to target only tumor cells
- The cow-free burger—both plant-based and lab-grown meat alternatives that could drastically cut emissions from the food industry
- Carbon dioxide catcher—techniques for absorbing CO2 from the air and locking it away that may finally become economic
- An ECG on your wrist—the ability for people with heart conditions to continuously monitor their health and get early warnings of problems
- Sanitation without sewers—a self-contained toilet that could tackle disease and unpleasant living conditions in much of the developing world
- Smooth-talking AI assistants—new advances in natural language processing that make digital assistants capable of greater autonomy
2017 年，盖茨投资了美国人造肉食品初创公司 Memphis Meats，更早前还投资过同类公司 Impossible Foods 。人造肉的意义在于，与传统畜牧业相比，它的肉类生产过程能够使用了传统畜牧业所需大约 1% 的土地和 10% 的水，减少对生态的损耗。^1